八年级上英语语法总结1.what与which都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：Whatisyourfather?你父亲是干什么下面是小编为大家整理的八年级上英语语法总结4篇,供大家参考。
八年级上英语语法总结篇1
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
该句相当于：
What does your father do?
What is your father"s job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：
What color do you like best? (所有颜色)
你最喜爱什么颜色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色？
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如： Which pictures are from China?
哪些图片来自中国？
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：
always(总是，一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常，经常)
sometimes(有时候)
never(从不)
2.频度副词的位置：
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如：
David is often arrives late for school.
大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如：
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天经常在7：10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.
有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如：
Never have I been there.
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.
我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What"s your everyday activity?
你的日常活动是什么？
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。
助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：
He doesn"t like English. 他不喜欢英语。
(doesn"t是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：
a. 表示时态，例如：
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态，例如：
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句，例如：
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？
d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：
I don"t like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don"t forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)
1.主语的第三人称单数形式，即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如： he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary"s uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如：
man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
3.动词有原形，第三人称单数形式，-ing分词，过去式，过去分词。如： go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
1.主语的第三人称单数形式，即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如： he, she, it
my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary"s uncle
2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如：
man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数) 3.动词有原形，第三人称单数形式，-ing分词，过去式，过去分词。如： go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
当主语为第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如：
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的？
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京？
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：
How should I know? 我怎么知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？
should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
八年级上英语语法总结篇2
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Unit6 Fun Cycling
Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip
一。 重点词汇
( 一 ) 词形转换：
1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king
3.comfortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety
( 二 ) 词的辨析
1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on
3. other /else 4. raise /rise
5.each /every 6.exciting / excited
(三)重点词组：
1.go on a visit to 去……旅行
2. make the decision 做决定
3.bring back 带回
4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行
5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定
6 see the sunrise 看日出
7. make a reservation 预订
8. come up with 想出（主意）
9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望
10. pay for 支付；赔偿
11. raise money 筹钱
12. book a ticket 订票
13. make a room for sb 为……订房间
14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快
15. in the daytime 在白天
16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行
17.find out 查出
18. some places of interest 名胜
19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间
20．a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（软）卧
21.my pleasure 不客气
二．重点句型及重点语言点
1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。
to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.
2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。
3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。
go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.
类似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic
a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期
an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩
4．It’s hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。
如： It’s nice to meet you.
5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是：
I’ll phone and ask the airline.
6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。
bring back 带回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.
decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We’re trying to decide on a school.
7.It’s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：It’ too far to cycle there.
8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by…？乘……去泰山要花多长时间？
9．How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱？
How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少？
10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.
我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。
at 意为“以……”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.
11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。
20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets
book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为……预订房间
e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的房间。
12．Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。
Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事
e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用。
13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。
make a reservation 预订
14. We have rooms with a bathtub… 我们有带浴缸……的房间。
with 有或带着 a house with a swimming pool
a standard room with two single beds
15.It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money 筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves.
16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。
(1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.. （2）用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their own e-mail address.
(3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have their own e-mail address.
17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。
Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.
三。重点语法
动词不定式
（1） 动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜（要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始）
（2） 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided() not to buy a computer for me.
（3） 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I don’t know how to get to the station.
（4） 本topic出现的句子有：
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.
Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.
Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?
一、重点词汇：
（一）词形转换：
1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern
3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull
5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded
（二）重点词组：
1.make a plan 拟定计划
2. make sure 确信，确保
3. come along with 和……一起来
4. at the foot of 在……的脚下
5. be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
6. be satisfied with 对……感到满意
7. out of sight 看不见
8. step on one’s toes 踩着某人的脚
9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
10. spread over 分布于
11.rush out 冲出去
12.raise one’s head 抬头
13.ask sb for help 向某人求助
14.thank goodness 谢天谢地
二． 重点句型及重点语言点
1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事
I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.
(2)while 当……时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.
2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗？
Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉， 类似还有could you
Could you come along with us ?
3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。
make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.
4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。
Two and a half hours = two hours and a half
5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。
to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.
on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang .
in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in the north of China.
6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。
be surprised at 对……感到很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons.
be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.
7.…so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方
space 空间 Can you make space for this old man ?
8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。
in one’s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的脚
step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on the flowers and grass.
9.When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.
当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。
notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。
as soon as 引导时间状语从句 意为“一……就”
He left as soon as he heard the news.
I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.
11.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。 not …until 直到……才
12.They were so lovely that we couldn’t help playing with them.
它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn’t help laughing.
13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我对在中国的一切感到满意。]
be satisfied with 对……感到满意 He is satisfied with my work.
14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。
ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.
三。重点语法 时间状语从句
1。引导词：
（1） when, while , as 当……时候。 when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词；while 后跟延续性动词；as 多用于口语，强调同一时间，或一前一后。
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。
（2）not … until 直到……才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。
I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在……之后，before 在……之前，as soon as 一……就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 时态
（1）当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
本topic出现的句子有：
1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.
2.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
3.While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.
6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.
Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people
一、重点词汇：
（一）词形转换：
1. death (动词) die (形容词 )dead 2 slow (副词) slowly
3.crossing（动词）cross 介词） across 4. success（动词）succeed (形容词successful
5．Pain (形容词) painful 6. lead (名词) leader
7.final (副词) finally 8impossible (反义词) possible
9 courage （动词） encourage
（二）重点词组：
1．Slow down 减速
2. run into 撞到
3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事
4. warn sb to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
5. ride into 进入 跻身于
6 get used to (doing)习惯于做某事
7. a sharp turn 急转弯
8. be popular with 受……的欢迎
9. get a fine 处以罚金
10. go on doing sth 继续做某事
11. the way to success 成功之路
12. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
13.break the traffic rules 违反交通规则
14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
15.be famous for 因……闻名
16. be in danger 处于危险中
17.after a while 一会儿
二． 重点句型及重点语言点
1．I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我认为北京的交通很拥堵。
traffic 是不可数名词
2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人们都遵守交通规则，交通事故将会减少。
If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人们违反交通规则，将很危险，我们会受到处罚的。
这是if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
3．I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。
more confident 是比较级
4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 这样可以节约能源以及避免空气污染。 avoid sth / doing sth 避免做某事
You should avoid making the mistake like that.
He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck.
5.Bicycles are popular with people. 自行车深受人们欢迎。
Be popular with 受……欢迎
6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事
7.Most people think bicycles are much safer than any other vehicle.大部分人认为自行车比其他交通工具要安全些。
8．.However, his way to success didn’t go well. 然而，他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。
The way to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在……成功
I didn’t have much success in finding a job. 我找工作没什么结果。
9．Like the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it head-on. 像面对生命中其他挑战一样，兰斯迎头面对。
10．It seems impossible to beat him. 打败他似乎是不可能的。
beat sb 打败某人 win a game /match/ a gold medal
It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎……
She always seems to be sad.
三。重点语法 条件状语从句
1.条件状语从句由if（如果），unless(除非)等 引导的，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。
主句 if从句
Will (must, should, may) 一般现在时
如：I won’t go if he doesn’t go .
We will pass the exam if we study hard.
We won’t pass the exam unless we study hard..
2. 祈使句+and/or 引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。
如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.=You’ll be late unless you hurry up.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
回答：2008-05-22 00:55
英语语法经典例题800例：非谓语动词（例题1）
【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enter B. to enter
C. entering D. entered
【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。
值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：
(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope B. hope
C. hoping D. hoped
此题的答案是 C不是A，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practise B. to practise
C. practising D. practised
此题答案选 C，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could ____D____ his oral English.
A. improve B. to improve
C. improving D. to improving
此题答案选D，注意两点：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”;二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。
2. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.
A. doing B. to do
C. being doing D. to be done
【陷阱】容易误选B，根据 can’t help doing sth 这一结构推出。
【分析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构：
can’t help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一题，答案也是 B：
She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A cleaning B. to clean
C. cleaned D. being cleaned
再请看以下试题：
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
此题应选C，句中的 can’t help 意为“禁不住”(注意根据句意用被动形式)。
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。
(2) 选A错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的"句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is 改为 being也可选它。
英语语法经典例题800例：虚拟语气（例题）
【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.
A. will show B. would show
C. am going to show D. am showing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】正确答案选B。根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了)。
2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”
A. He’d better give up drinking
B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much
C. Health is more important than drink
D. I wonder why he is always doing so
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中 drunk 一词的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为D。关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D。
3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.”
A. do B. are
C. will D. would
【陷阱】容易误选A或C。选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致；选C者，认为其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D。分析如下：
(1) “so + 助动词 + 主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“……也一样”时。如：
He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视，我也一样。
When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。
(2) 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气(这是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D。
英语语法经典例题800例：强调句（例题）
【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late。
【分析】但实际上，此题的答案为B，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：
Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 that 不能充当句子成分。
2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that B. he that
C. it when D. he which
【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。
【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：
It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：
(1) Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?
A. since B. as C. that D. he
答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的Tom 提问而得)。
(2) What is it _____ his daughter needs most?
A. what B. which C. that D. if
答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的a bike 提问而得)。
3. _____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter.
A. It, careful B. It, carefully
C. He, careful D. He, carefully
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是A，认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。
【分析】其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为 Little Jim wrote the letter very carefully. 若用 it is … that… 的强调句式强调其中的状语 very carefully 即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选B。请看下面几例，也属强调结构：
(1) It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as C. that D. then
答案选C，被强调成分为 when she was about to go to bed 这一时间状语从句。
(2) It may have been at Christmas _____ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who C. that D. when
答案选C，被强调成分为 at Christmas，其中的动词 be 采用了 may have been 这一较为复杂的形式。
4. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ______ the students
often have a meeting.”
A. where B. which
C. that D. when
【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。
【分析】假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在
大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在
哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的？”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。
其实，此题的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意
为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。
5. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.
A. which B. as
C. what D. that
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that (即选D)，被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said。句意
为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：
(1) It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since C. that D. what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去
了这份工作”。
(2) It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地
或你是从事什么工作的”。
英语语法大全经典例题800例：名词性从句（例题）
【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.
A. that B. what
C. that that D. what what
【陷阱】可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B。
【分析】正确答案选 D。第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。
2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.
A. which B. how
C. what D. having
【陷阱】可能误选A。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。请再做下面一题(答案选B)：
He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”
A. that B. what
C. which D. as
3.“Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.
A. this B. that
C. all that D. that all
【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B。
【分析】最佳答案选 D。假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that all you want to say? 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all。
4. “When ______ leave for Japan?” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”
A. they will, will they B. will they, they will
C. they will, they will D. will they, will they
【陷阱】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。
【分析】最佳答案选 B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题(答案选C)：
(1) None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.
A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries
C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry
(2) “Where _______ go to work?” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”
A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we
C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we
5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D。首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。比较以下两句：
Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。
Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。
第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代词 he;而第二句因前面用的是不定代词 someone，说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it 来指代。
6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves?
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
【陷阱】此题容易误选 A或B：选 A 的同学认为这是指人的，故用who;选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)。
【分析】其实答案应选C。that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 know 的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。请做以下试题(答案均为C)：
(1) Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
(2) I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
(3) He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.
A. that B. which
C. as D. because
前面两题 that 引导宾语从句，后面一题 that同位语从句(修饰the news)。
英语语法大全：特殊同位语归纳
英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全，本章主要介绍英语语法中的句子成分，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
特殊同位语归纳
当两个词或词组在一个句子中具有相同的语法地位而且描述相同的人或事物时，我们称它们为同位语。基本形式的同位语大家一般不会出错，但有几种同位语，或由于本身结构特殊，或由于它修饰的成分结构比较特殊，往往会引起误解。现小结并举例说明如下，希望引起同学们的注意。
1. 代词we, us, you等后接同位语
Are you two reading? 你们二人在看书吗？
They three joined the school team. 他们3人参加了校队。
She has great concern for us students. 她对我们学生很关心。
He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。
We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子经常一起去看电影。
2. 不定式用作同位语
Soon came the order to start the general attack. 很快下达了发起总攻的命令。(to start the general attack与the order同位)
He followed the instruction to walk along a certain street where I picked him up. 他照吩咐沿某一条街走，我在那里接他上了车。(to walk along…与the instruction同位)
3. -ing分词用作同位语
He"s getting a job tonight driving a truck. 他今晚得到一个开卡车的差事。(driving a track与a job同位)
She got a place in a laundry ironing shirts. 她在一家洗衣店得到一个熨衣服的职位。(ironing shirts与a place同位)
The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down. 第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。(attacking at night与the first plan同位)
4. 形容词用作同位语
The current affair, the biggest in its history, is being held in Guangzhou. 目前的交易会，是有史以来规模最大的，正在广州举行。
He read all kinds of books, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. 他读了很多书，古今中外都有。
People, old and young, took to the streets to watch the parade. 老老少少的人都来到街头观看游行。
【注】这类同位语与定语比较接近，可转换成定语从句。如：
The current affair, the biggest in its history, is being held in Guangzhou.
=The current affair, which is the biggest in its history, is being held in Guangzhou.
5. none of us之类的结构用作同位语
We none of us said anything. 我们谁也没说话。
We have none of us large appetites. 我们谁饭量都不大。
They neither of them wanted to go. 他们两人都不想去。
They"ve neither of them succeeded in winning her confidence. 他们两人谁也没能赢得她的信任。
【注】同位语并不影响其后句子谓语的“数”，如：
学生每人都有一本词典。
正：The students each have a dictionary.
误：The students each has a dictionary.
请比较下面一句(谓语用了单数，因为each为句子主语)：
正：Each of the students has a dictionary.
6. 从句用作同位语(即同位语从句)
They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。
I received a message that she would be late. 我得到的信息说她可能晚到。
The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。
The idea that you can do this work without thinking is wrong. 你可以不动脑筋做此工作的想法是错误的。
八年级上英语语法总结篇3
一。稳扎稳打，夯实基础
深圳英语中考，侧重考查基础知识。而英语最基础的就是“词汇+语法”！因此，咱们在初三的开端，也就是暑秋阶段，一定要夯实基础！
词汇：万变不离其宗，而书本是我们的根本。所以我们要先把校内的词汇掌握透彻。但是很多同学在记单词的时候，一坐就是一两个小时，其实这样是没有效果的。科学研究发现，一个人真正能够高度集中精力的时间就是15-20分钟，所以我们只需做到每次坚持背15分钟左右的单词。并且进行多次重复，记的时候做到多重感官参与。效果绝对要比你一次花一两个小时强很多。背单词的时候，不能只背它最常见的意思，因为考试中的难题往往是熟词僻意，或者是一词多义，还要注意它的用法和固定搭配。
语法：到了初三，孩子们在跟着学校学习新知识的同时，要着手对之前学过的语法进行系统复习。建立完整的语法体系。可以买一本中考版本《五年中考，三年模拟》，按着上面的知识点进行复习，每复习一个知识点要配以30-50道练习题，检测学习效果。对于做错的题，一定要给予重视，摘抄下来，因为你错的恰恰是你的薄弱环节，一定是你没有掌握牢固的。通过摘抄错题，可以让你记得更牢，避免下次犯同样的错误。
二。系统复习，不留死角
英语是一门系统性很强的学科，它分为语法，阅读，完型，写作等各个模块。所以我们在复习的时候，也要做到各个模块都有复习到位，不留下任何死角。
深圳英语中考，阅读完形是拉开同学们分数差距的主要题型，而阅读完形恰恰又是通过训练可以提高的。因此在初三上学期，同学们在学校题量的基础上，另外要确保每周至少限时练习2篇完型，5篇阅读，做阅读的时候一定要注意一次做5篇，限时完成。千万不要做两篇，休息一会儿，再做两篇……对于做错的题一定进行总结，看自己主要错的题型是什么，为什么做错。找到原因之后，可以针对这种题型，进行专门的训练。
写作是冲击高分的关键，而写作不像单词和语法，学完一个点立马就能做对题，它需要我们长期的积累和训练。需要我们不断的写，改，然后再润色。所以在初三阶段，咱们要坚持每周写上2篇文章，并且一定要让老师帮忙批改，知道问题在哪儿，这样才会有进步。光写不改是不行的！
深圳英语中考听说考试在5月份举行，从的考试可以看出，它的难度有加深，对孩子们的要求是增加了的，所以我们不能等到快考试了才开始准备，最迟也应该从寒假开始集中训练。可以买一本深圳英语中考听说考试的书籍，每天练上一套，特别是最后两题，听短文完成对话和看图说话，一定要多加练习。听的过程中要快速用笔记下一些关键词，方便后面答题。
三。限时模拟，冲刺中考
到了初三后期(春季阶段)，前期我们要进行历年深圳中考真题的训练，通过真题的练习来找到自己的不足之处，后期一定要进行限时模拟训练，通过训练，查缺补漏，在任何模块都不能出错，所以对于做错的题，绝对不放过！
当然，方法再好，规划再科学，都需要同学们认真去践行。当然，在这期间，孩子学习任务重、压力大，咱们父母也要多理解，多引导，多鼓励，让孩子知道，父母会一直陪在自己身边，给他们内心以力量！
八年级上英语语法总结篇4
第一，给自己制定明确的计划。优秀的学生都知道自己想干什么，该干什么。学会给自己制定计划，并一步一步按计划实施，养成制定计划的习惯。
第二，温故而知新。不断地重复已学过的知识，是一种简单易行的学习方法。当然，这种重复不能是机械的重复，也不只是简单的重复记忆。我们主张每次重复应有不同的角度，不同的重点，不同的目的，这样每次重复才会有不同的感觉和体会，一次比一次获得更深的认识。知识的学习与能力的提高就是在这种不断的重复中得到升华，才能真正做到温故而知新。
第三，认真做好课堂笔记。在课堂上，我们应随时记下老师所讲的知识要点，以免过后遗忘，或记得不全。同时，课后及时地把笔记整理好，把一些知识分类整理，能帮我们更好地将知识归类，可以将语法内容和词汇的用法分开记录，这样可以帮我们迅速、快捷地查找到相关条目。学生把课上的笔记再整理一遍，还可以更好地记忆和消化学过的知识，而整理后的、整齐有条理的笔记将为你以后的复习提供方便。语法包括不同的条目，考试重点、相关练习等，而词汇则包括拼写、词性、英文释义、例句摘抄等。
第四，为自己做好一个错题集。同学们可以将自己每次考试的错题都抄写下来，包括每一次小测验、月考、期中考试、期末考试，以及平时练习题的错题，都抄录在一个本子上。作为自己复习巩固的重要资料，这是专门针对你个人的知识结构特点的，所以非常重要。认真研究一下错题的题型，所包含的知识点，看看为什么会错，错在哪里。找同类型的或同等难度的题目来练习练习，并从中得到提高。整理错题集是一个实际又好用的学习方法。
第五，学会有效记忆。同学们都知道学习语言要多听、多说、多读、多写。听说读写的目的都是为了有效记忆。的确，记忆是学习英语最好的方法。如何提高记忆效果呢？形象思维能力能有效帮助你。形象思维能力是指在接触某种事物或某个情景时，头脑中出现与此有关的、生动形象的画面来帮助你理解和掌握。
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