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2020年美国城市状况报告

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下面是小编为大家整理的2020年美国城市状况报告,供大家参考。

2020年美国城市状况报告

 

  1

 Intr oduction 7

 E c onomic

 De v elopment 9

 Infr as tructur e

 11

 Housing

 13

 Ener gy

 &

 En vir onment 15

 Public

 Saf ety

 17

 Demogr aphics

 19

 Budgets

 &

 Management

 21

 Health

 &

 Human Servic es

 23

 E duca tion

 25

 Go v ernment

 Da ta

 &

 T echnology

 27 C onclusion

 28 Methodology 29

 Appendix

  F o r ewo r d

  W hen

 2020

 began,

 w e

 c ould not

 ha v e

 imagined

 wha t

 w ould ha v e

 tr anspir ed

 in

 jus t

 a

 f e w s h o r t

 months.

 Fr om

 health

 and e c o n o m i c

 crisis

 t o

 r esounding calls

 t o

 addr ess

 s y s t emic

 r acism, the

 s ta t e

 of

 our

 na tion’ s

 cities has

 changed

 dr ama ticall y .

 I

 t

 has

 bec ome

 abundantly

 clear

 tha t

 this

 y ear

 is

 unlike

 an y

 other .

 It

 has

 also b e c o m e

 c l e a r

 t ha t

 t h e

 r ole

 of

 city

 leaders

 is

 not

 only

 t o

 establish

 and

 implement

 a

 vision

 f or

 their

 c ommunity ,

 but

 also

 t o

 be

 guided

 b y

 the

 v alues

 of

 their

 c ommunity and

 lead

 in

 the

 mos t

 challenging

 moments.

 F or

 se v en

 y ears,

 the

 Na tional

 L eague

 of

 Cities

 has

 released

 the

 S ta t e

 o f

 the

 Cities report.

 This

 r esear ch,

 which

 e x amines

 ma y or al

 s ta t e

 of

 the

 city

 speeches

 deliv er ed January

 thr ough

 April,

 has

 typically

 pr o vided

 a

 clear

 and

 c onsis t ent

 v oic e

 about the

 curr ent

 priorities

 of

 local

 leaders.

 In

 the

 months

 sinc e

 those

 speeches,

 ma y ors’ priorities

 ha v e

 ob viously

 shift ed.

 As

 w e

 e xperienc e

 the

 ne w

 reality

 of

 our

 c ommunities

 t oda y ,

 the

 purpose

 of

 our S ta t e

 o f

 the

 Cities

 r eport

 t oo

 has

 shift ed.

 It

 is

 important

 to

 a c k n o w l e dg e

 t ha t

 t h i s y ear ’ s

 r eport

 pr o vides

 a

 pr e-crisis

 baseline

 of

 the

 v alues

 and

 priorities

 guiding l o c a l

 p o li c i e s ,

 p r o ce d u r e s

 an d

 progr ams,

 the

 fiscal

 and

 economic

 position

 of

 cities, the

 aspir a tions

 of

 local

 leaders

 and

 the

 gaps

 left

 t o

 fill.

 In

 r eflecting

 on

 these

 moments

 in

 this

 y ear ’ s

 s ta t e

 of

 the

 city

 speeches,

 w e

 find

 tha t local

 leaders

 ha v e

 been

 putting

 int o

 plac e

 those

 essential

 in v es tments

 tha t

 will

 help our

 na tion

 heal.

 W e

 find

 inno v a tiv e

 appr oaches

 t o

 health

 and

 social

 servic es,

 small business

 supports

 and

 c ommunity

 policing.

 W e

 also

 find

 ma y ors’

 ackno wledging the

 challenges

 tha t

 ha v e

 no w

 been

 laid

 bar e ,

 including

 lack

 of

 equity

 in

 health, educa tion,

 public

 saf ety ,

 housing,

 economic

 opportunity

 and

 tr ansporta tion.

 It

 is

 our

 hope

 tha t

 in

 the

 y ears

 t o

 c ome

 w e

 will

 look

 back

 on

 the

 S ta t e

 o f

 the

 Cities 2020

 r eport

 and

 sa y

 tha t

 it

 r epr esents

 the

 s ta t e

 of

 cities

 jus t

 as

 our

 crises

 hit,

 jus t as

 our

 na tion

 seiz ed

 the

 moment

 t o

 begin

 bold

 r ebuilding

 and

 s y s t ems

 change .

 Our

 c ommunities

 are

 s tarting

 the

 journe y

 t o w ar ds

 equitable

 r ec o v ery ,

 and

 the r esear ch

 tha t

 the

 Na tional

 L eague

 of

 Cities

 c ontinues

 t o

 e xecut e

 is

 dedica t ed

 t o impr o ving

 local

 leaders’

 ability

 t o

 serv e

 their

 r esidents.

 One

 thing

 w e

 kno w

 f or

 sure

 is

 local

 leaders

 can

 and

 will

 lead

 our

 na tion

 f orw ar d. W hile

 the

 outlook

 of

 the

 futur e

 ma y

 f eel

 unc ertain,

 the

 prosperity

 of

 American c ommunities

 is

 irr efutable .

  Clar enc e

 E.

 Anthon y

 CEO

 and

 Ex ecutiv e

 Dir ect or NA TIONAL

 LEA GUE

 OF

 CITIES

  NA TIONA L

 LEA GU E

 O F

 CITIE S

  E

 C

  Intr oduction

  The

 s ta t e

 of

 our

 cities

 c ontinues

 t o

 be

 s trong

 e v en

 in

 these

 troubled times.

 Right

 no w ,

 ma y ors

 are

 battling

 the

 twin

 challenges

 of

 a public

 health

 crisis

 pr ecipita t ed

 b y

 the

 C O VID- 19

 pandemic

 and

 the e c o n o m i c

 f allout

 tha t

 the

 no v el

 c or ona virus

 has

 wrought

 on

 our na t i o n’ s

 c o mm un i t i e s .

 M a y o rs

 ha v e

 been

 on

 the

 frontlines

 serving as

 s talw art

 leaders

 –

 t ogether

 with

 the

 e ss e n t i a l

 w o r k e rs

 an d

 the

 fir e ,

 polic e ,

 sanita tion,

 and

 public

 health

 emplo y ees

 –

 guiding our

 cities

 thr ough

 this

 s t orm.

 This

 journe y

 is

 f ar

 fr om

 o v e r ,

 and

 our essential

 cities

 will

 r ec o v er

 and

 r ebuild.

  i ties

 w ere

 among

 the

 firs t

 t o

 r espond t o

 the

 virus

 b y

 ins tituting

 s ta y -a t-home

 or ders

 and

 doing

 wha t

 w as

 nec essary

 t o fla tt en

 the

 curv e

 and

 minimiz e

 the

 nega tiv e impact

 on

 c ommunity

 members

 na tionwide . The

 Na tional

 L eague

 of

 Cities

 has

 been r apidly

 tr acking

 the

 shifting

 local

 polic y en vironment

 sinc e

 Mar ch

 t o

 identify

 and share

 the

 policies

 cities

 ha v e

 implement ed

 t o r espond

 t o

 C O VID- 19 ,

 fr om

 housing

 homeless individuals,

 t o

 ending

 utility

 shut offs,

 t o tr ansf orming

 daily

 go v ernment

 oper a tions.

 Cities

 like

 Burlingt on,

 V ermont

 ha v e

 enf or c ed s ta y -a t-home

 or ders

 t o

 slo w

 the

 spr ead

 of the

 virus,

 w ork ed

 with

 c ommunity

 partners t o

 pr oduc e

 high-quality

 masks

 f or

 essential w ork ers

 and

 cr ea t ed

 virtual

 resour c e

 and r ec o v ery

 c enters

 t o

 pr o vide

 f ood

 and

 other support

 t o

 r esidents.

 This

 and

 other

 s t ories are

 happening

 in

 cities

 acros s

 America.

 W hether

 in

 crisis

 or

 in

 good

 times,

 our

 local leaders

 are

 a t

 the

 f or efr ont,

 making

 the har d

 choic es

 and

 helping

 c ommunity members

 thriv e .

 W ith

 an

 ec onom y

 tha t

 is

 both

 deeply tr oubled,

 with

 an

 unemployment

 r a t e

 higher than

 14

 per c ent,

 and

 deeply

 tr ansformed,

 it

 is imper a tiv e

 tha t

 w e

 c ome

 t ogether

 as

 a

 na tion. If

 ins t ead,

 cities

 mus t

 go

 it

 alone

 and

 bear

 the brunt

 of

 nega tiv e

 fiscal

 c onsequenc es

 of

 the pandemic,

 America

 will

 be

 in

 a

 dir e

 situa tion.

 Up

 t o

 one

 million

 public

 sector

 w ork ers c ould

 e xperienc e

 se v ere

 pa y

 cuts,

 lose

 their job

 or

 be

 furloughed.

 F e w er

 public

 saf ety personnel

 tr ansla t e

 t o

 slo w er

 emer genc y r esponse

 times.

 F e w er

 social

 servic e

 and

 y outh

 progr am

 c oor dina t ors

 mean

 r eductions in

 summer

 progr ams

 and

 home

 health

 visits. These

 are

 essential

 servic es,

 particularly

 f or our

 c ommunities’

 mos t

 vulnerable

 r esidents.

 W ha t

 this

 y ear ’ s

 S ta t e

 o f

 the

 Cities

 analy sis r e v eals

 is

 tha t

 local

 leaders

 ha v e

 been

 and

 will c ontinue

 t o

 pr o vide

 residents

 and

 businesses with

 the

 t ools,

 thr ough

 tar geted

 in v es tments, not

 only

 t o

 s tr engthen

 our

 ec onom y ,

 but

 also in

 w a y s

 tha t

 are

 mor e

 equitable ,

 sus tainable and

 f orw ar d-thinking.

 1

 NA TIONA L

 LEA GU E

 O F

 CITIE S

  PUBLIC

 S AFETY

 Man y

 ma y ors

 discussed plans

 t o

 s tr engthen

 r ela tions betw een

 the

 fir e

 department and

 the

 c ommunity

 thr ough education

 on

 fir e

 saf ety

 and public

 outr each.

 5

 THIS

 IS

 THE

 TIME

 T O

 AD V ANCE IDEA S

 AND

 INNO V A TIONS

 L ONG AD V OC A TED

 FOR

 B Y

 CITY

 LEADERS.

 Fr om

 ins talling

 h y giene

 s tations

 ar ound homeless

 encampment

 c enters

 t o

 impr o ving the

 emotional

 and

 ph y sical

 f a tigue

 f or emer genc y

 responders,

 and

 so

 much

 mor e , cities

 c ontinue

 t o

 pr o v e

 their

 leadership

 amid the

 uncertainty .

 The y

 deserv e

 support

 and partnership

 t o

 c ontinue

 pr ot ecting

 our

 na tion’ s frontlines

 and

 adv ancing

 us

 t o

 a

 bett er

 futur e .

 Our

 c ont ent

 analy sis

 of

 131

 speeches

 deliv er ed betw een

 January

 and

 April

 2020

 r e v eals

 tha t:

 1

 EC ONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

 is

 the

 mos t-c o v er ed

 major polic y

 issue

 among

 ma y ors. Arts

 and

 cultur e

 c ontinued t o

 be

 a

 popular

 theme

 within economic

 dev elopment, especially

 as

 a

 v ehicle

 f or

 impr o ved

 social

 engagements

 in

 the

 do wnt o wn

 ar ea.

 I NFR A S TRUCTURE

 Ma y ors

 discussed

 upgr ades

 t o w a t er

 infras tructur e

 t o

 incr ease efficienc y

 and

 bec ome

 mor e resilient

 t o

 na tur al

 disas t ers

 in the

 futur e .

 2

 ENERG Y

 AND ENVIRONMENT

 Man y

 ma y ors

 highlight ed clima t e

 change

 and

 global w arming

 as

 t op

 priorities

 f or

 their

 c ommunities.

 4

 HOUSING

 Ma y ors

 c ontinued

 t o prioritiz e

 aff or dable

 housing and

 servic es

 f or

 homeless individuals.

 3

  C olumbus,

 Ohio

  T op

 10

 Is sues

 B y

 per c ent

 of

 speeches

 tha t

 significantly

 c o v ers

 each

 t opic.*

 E c onomic

 Inf r a s tructur e

 Housing

 D e v elopment

 75%

 63%

 40 %

  Ene r gy

 & E n vi r onment

 39%

  Health

 & Human

 Services

 32 % P ublic Sa f ety

 37%

 E duc a tion

 17%

 Demog r aphics

 35%

  G o v ernment Da ta

 &

 Technology

 8%

 Budgets

 & Management

 32 %

 *Significant

 =

 10

 per c ent o f

 speech

 de v o t ed

 t o

 t opic

  Albuquer que ,

 Ne w

 Me xico

  S tat e

 of

 the

 Cities

 2020

  T

  E c onomic

 De v elopment

  W ithout

 ques tion,

 cities

 are

 the

 engine

 of

 the

 American

 ec onom y . City

 leaders

 bols t er

 the

 suc c ess

 of

 their

 local

 ec onomies

 b y pr o viding

 critical

 servic es

 tha t

 enable

 busines ses,

 particularly

 small and

 minority -o wned

 busines ses,

 t o

 pr ospe r .

  hese

 s tr a t egies

 range

 fr om

 helping business

 o wners

 build

 a

 web

 pr esenc e

 and

 enc our aging

 them

 t o

 bid

 f or

 city

 c o n t r a c t s ,

 t o c onnecting

 them

 t o

 ment ors

 and

 micr olenders.

 E videnc e

 sugges ts

 tha t

 entr epr eneurs

 and small

 businesses

 s truggle

 mos t

 significantly

 in

 economic

 do wnturns

 but,

 if

 support ed,

 can also

 be

 a t

 the

 heart

 of

 r ec o v ery .

 A cc ording

 t o

 the

 Small

 Business

 A d m i n i s t r a t i o n ,

 s m a ll businesses

 cr ea t ed

 6 3

 per c ent

 of

 the

 net ne w

 jobs

 betw een

 2009

 t o

 20 12. 1

 This

 y ear

 ma y ors

 ha v e

 demons tr a t ed

 their c ontinued

 c ommitment

 t o

 small

 businesses and

 entr epr eneurs.

 Ma y or

 Shar on

 W es t on Br oome

 of

 Ba t on

 R ouge ,

 L ouisiana

 is dev eloping

 a

 small ...

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